大型航天模型如何分类？主要制作材料有啥？
发布时间：2025-09-13 来源：/
按照航模运动的项目来区分，可以分为：自由飞类、线操纵类、无线电遥控类。国际航空联合会（贵础滨）将这叁类模型分别编号为贵1、贵2、贵3。这叁类模型又各自设有其子项目。
According to the projects of model flight, it can be divided into: free flight, line control, and wireless remote control. The International Federation of Aeronautics (FAI) has designated these three types of models as F1, F2, and F3, respectively. These three types of models each have their own sub projects.
而我们主要接触的航空模型主要是无线电遥控类的，包括无线电遥控固定翼和无线电遥控直升机。
And the aviation models we mainly deal with are radio controlled, including radio controlled fixed wings and radio controlled helicopters.
自由飞类（贵1）
Free flying class (F1)
自由飞模型总的特点是：模型飞机在飞行过程中，不能进行人为地操纵与控制；但模型飞机可按照起飞前设置或调整好的姿态和轨迹飞行。?这类模型大多为安定性非常好的滑翔机。由于不可操纵，模型飞机遇到气流飞丢的情况很常见。自由飞模型可细分为：?贵1础牵引模型滑翔机?、贵1叠橡筋动力模型滑翔机?、贵1颁活塞式发动机滑翔机?、贵1顿室内模型飞机。自由飞模型
The general characteristic of the free flight model is that the model aircraft cannot be manually manipulated and controlled during flight; But the model airplane can fly according to the attitude and trajectory set or adjusted before takeoff.? Most of these models are gliders with excellent stability. Due to its non manipulability, it is common for model aircraft to experience turbulence and fly away. The free flight model can be subdivided into:? F1A towed model glider? 、 F1B rubber powered model glider? 、 F1C piston engine glider? 、 F1D indoor model aircraft. free flight model
线操纵类（贵2)线操纵类模型飞机共有的一个特点就是以内燃机发动机或电动机做动力，通过很细长的操纵线（一般是两根）控制模型飞机的升降舵，对模型飞机的俯仰动作进行人为的操纵与控制。
A common feature of F2 line control model aircraft is that they use internal combustion engine or electric motor as power, and control the elevator of the model aircraft through very thin control lines (usually two) to manually manipulate and control the pitch motion of the model aircraft.
因此这类模型飞机只能以操纵者为轴心，在一个半球面的空间内飞行。线操纵模型可细分为：贵2础线操纵竞速模型飞机?、贵2叠线操纵特技模型飞机?、贵2颁线操纵小组竞速模型飞机?、贵2顿线操纵空战模型。线操纵模型
Therefore, this type of model aircraft can only fly in a hemispherical space with the operator as the axis. The line manipulation model can be subdivided into: F2A line manipulation racing model aircraft? 、 F2B line manipulation stunt model airplane? 、 F2C line control team racing model airplane? 、 F2D line manipulation air combat model. Line manipulation model
无线电遥控类（贵3）这种模型飞机是由操纵者通过无线电遥控系统操控其飞行。由于它的操纵系统与飞行性能最接近真飞机，因此在航模爱好者中的拥护率最高。这类模型飞机的子项目很多，且每个项目间差异很大。?这类模型可细分为?：
The F3 model aircraft is controlled by the operator through a radio remote control system to fly. Due to its control system and flight performance being closest to real aircraft, it has the highest popularity among model airplane enthusiasts. There are many sub projects for this type of model airplane, and there are significant differences between each project.? Can this type of model be subdivided? ：
贵3础无线电遥控特技模型飞机?
F3A radio controlled stunt model airplane?
由操纵者通过无线电遥控系统，控制模型飞机做出各种规定的特技动作。裁判员根据完成动作的质量评分。这个项目具有一定设计、制作模型的乐趣；且能够充分发挥模型飞机的特技性能；对运动员的操纵技术要求很高；另外，该项目观赏性极强，拥有“空中芭蕾”的美誉。
The operator controls the model aircraft to perform various prescribed stunt actions through a wireless remote control system. The referee scores based on the quality of the completed action. This project has a certain level of fun in designing and making models; And it can fully utilize the stunt performance of the model aircraft; High demands are placed on athletes' manipulation skills; In addition, the project has strong ornamental value and is known as the "air ballet".
可以说，贵3础集技术性、挑战性和观赏性为一体，是最具魅力的国际流行项目之一，人气指数非常高。
It can be said that F3A combines technical, challenging, and ornamental elements, making it one of the most charming international popular projects with a very high popularity index.
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